Street stimulants range from caffeine to cocaine, ecstasy, crystal methamphetamine, and more recently bath salts. We will explore the fundamental neurobiology of these drugs along with typical and atypical clinical presentations of stimulant intoxication, withdrawal, and long-term use. We will synthesize assessment, diagnosis, psychosocial interventions, psychopharmacology, prevention, and public health with special emphasis on addressing conundrums of co-occurring stimulant addiction with other psychiatric disorders.